Turkey and Israel have imposed reciprocal trade barriers as tensions escalate amidst the ongoing conflict in Gaza. Turkey, a vocal critic of Israel’s military operations in the region, announced immediate restrictions on exports to Israel, including aluminum, steel, construction materials, jet fuel, and chemical fertilizers. In response, Israel declared its preparation to ban Turkish products.
The announcement follows Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan’s accusation that Israel had prevented Turkish military cargo planes from participating in a humanitarian aid operation in Gaza. Fidan pledged a series of retaliatory measures until Israel agrees to a ceasefire and permits uninterrupted aid delivery to Gaza.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s government, facing domestic pressure after recent electoral setbacks, is under scrutiny for maintaining commercial relations with Israel while condemning its actions. Erdogan, whose party has Islamic roots, has consistently criticized Israel’s treatment of Palestinians since assuming office in 2003.
Erdogan intensified his criticism following Israel’s military offensive in Gaza, denouncing the actions as war crimes and alleging genocide. He also defended Hamas, classified as a terrorist organization by Israel, the United States, and the European Union, as fighting for the liberation of its people.
In response, Israeli Foreign Minister Israel Katz accused Erdogan of prioritizing support for “Hamas murderers” over the economic interests of the Turkish people. Katz further announced efforts to discourage investment in Turkey and the import of Turkish goods.
Hamish Kinnear, a senior analyst at risk intelligence firm Verisk Maplecroft, attributed Turkey’s trade restrictions to domestic political considerations, suggesting Erdogan’s government aims to rally support following electoral losses. Kinnear warned that reduced bilateral trade could result, particularly if Israel enforces its own trade restrictions.
According to the Turkish Statistical Institute, Turkish exports to Israel amounted to $5.4 billion in 2023. Despite recent tensions, diplomatic relations between Turkey and Israel had normalized in 2022 after years of strain.
Turkish authorities have also detained dozens of individuals, including private detectives, since January on suspicion of espionage for Israel, primarily targeting Palestinians residing in Turkey.
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